General: |
|
Name: Titanium
|
Symbol: Ti
|
|
Group: Trans. Met.
|
Atomic weight: 47.90
|
|
Density @ 293 K: 4.50 g/cm3
|
Atomic volume: 10.64 cm3/mol
|
|
Group: Trans. Met.
|
discovered: 1791
|
|
States: |
|
state (s, l, g): s
|
|
melting point: 1933.2 K
|
boiling point: 3558 K
|
|
Heat of fusion: 15.450 kJ/mol
|
Heat of vaporization: 421.00 kJ/mol
|
|
Energies: |
|
1st ionization energy: 658 kJ/mole
|
|
electronegativity: 1.54
|
2nd ionization energy: 1310.3 kJ/mole
|
|
electron affinity: 7.6 kJ/mole
|
3rd ionization energy: 2652.5 kJ/mole
|
|
Specific heat: 0.52 J/gK
|
heat atomization: 470 kJ/mole atoms
|
|
Oxidation & Electrons: |
|
Shells: 2,8,10,2
|
electron configuration: [Ar] 3d2 4s2
|
|
minimum oxidation number: -1
|
maximum oxidation number: 4
|
|
min. common oxidation no.: 0
|
max. common oxidation no.: 4
|
|
Appearance & Characteristics: |
|
structure: hcp: hexagonal close pkd
|
color: gray
|
|
uses: steel,white pigment(TiO2)
|
toxicity:
|
|
hardness: mohs
|
characteristics: max strength/weight ratio
|
|
Reactions: |
|
reaction with air: mild, w/ht =>TiO2, TiN
|
|
reaction with 6M HCl: none
|
reaction with 6M HCl: none
|
|
reaction with 15M HNO3: passivated
|
reaction with 6M NaOH: none
|
|
Other Forms: |
|
number of isotopes: 5
|
hydride(s): TiH2
|
|
oxide(s): TiO Ti2O3 TiO2 + more
|
chloride(s): TiCl2 TiCl3 TiCl4
|
|
Radius: |
|
ionic radius (2- ion): pm
|
ionic radius (1- ion): pm
|
|
atomic radius: 147 pm
|
ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
|
|
ionic radius (2+ ion): 100 pm
|
ionic radius (3+ ion): 81 pm
|
|
Conductivity: |
|
thermal conductivity: 21.9 J/m-sec-deg
|
|
electrical conductivity: 23.81 1/mohm-cm
|
polarizability: 14.6 A^3
|
|
Abundance: |
|
source: Ilmenite, rutile(oxide)
|
|
rel. abund. solar system: 3.380 log
|
abundance earth's crust: 3.8 log
|
|
cost, pure: 6.1 $/100g
|
cost, bulk: $/100g
|
|
