General: |
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Name: Rhodium
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Symbol: Rh
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Group: Trans. Met.
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Atomic weight: 102.9055
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Density @ 293 K: 12.4 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 8.3 cm3/mol
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Group: Trans. Met.
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discovered: 1803
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 2238.2 K
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boiling point: 4033 K
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Heat of fusion: 21.50 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 493.0 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 719.8 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 2.28
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2nd ionization energy: 1744.4 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: 109.7 kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 2996.8 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 0.242 J/gK
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heat atomization: 556 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,8,18,16,1
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electron configuration: [Kr] 4d8 5s1
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minimum oxidation number: -1
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maximum oxidation number: 6
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 3
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: fcc: face-centered cubic
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color: silvery-white
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uses: catalysts, elec. contacts
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toxicity:
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hardness: mohs
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characteristics: forms hard coatings
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: none, w/ht =>Rh2O3
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reaction with 6M HCl: none
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reaction with 6M HCl: none
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reaction with 15M HNO3: none
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reaction with 6M NaOH: none
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 1
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hydride(s): none
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oxide(s): Rh2O3 RhO2
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chloride(s): RhCl3
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 134 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): 80.5 pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 150 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 221.729 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 8.6 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: nickel ores (sulfides)
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rel. abund. solar system: -0.463 log
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abundance earth's crust: -3 log
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cost, pure: 13000 $/100g
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cost, bulk: $/100g
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