General: |
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Name: Manganese
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Symbol: Mn
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Group: Trans. Met.
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Atomic weight: 54.9380
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Density @ 293 K: 7.43 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 1.39 cm3/mol
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Group: Trans. Met.
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discovered: 1774
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 1517.2 K
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boiling point: 2333 K
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Heat of fusion: 12.050 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 226.0 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 717.4 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 1.55
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2nd ionization energy: 1509 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 3248.3 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 0.48 J/gK
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heat atomization: 281 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,8,13,2
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electron configuration: [Ar] 3d5 4s2
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minimum oxidation number: -3
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maximum oxidation number: 7
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 7
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: special:complex (cubic)
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color: gray-white
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uses: steel, dry cells(MnO2)
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toxicity:
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hardness: 5 mohs
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characteristics: hard, brittle
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: mild, w/ht =>Mn3O4, Mn3N2
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, MnCl2
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, MnCl2
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reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>Mn(NO3)2, NOx
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reaction with 6M NaOH:
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 1
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hydride(s): none
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oxide(s): MnO Mn3O4 Mn2O3 MnO2 Mn2O7
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chloride(s): MnCl2
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 127 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): 89 pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): 75.3 pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 7.81 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 5.405 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 9.4 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: Pyrolusite,psilomelane(oxide)
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rel. abund. solar system: 3.980 log
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abundance earth's crust: 3 log
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cost, pure: 1.7 $/100g
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cost, bulk: $/100g
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