General: |
|
Name: Barium
|
Symbol: Ba
|
|
Group: Alkali Earth
|
Atomic weight: 137.33
|
|
Density @ 293 K: 3.51 g/cm3
|
Atomic volume: 39.24 cm3/mol
|
|
Group: Alkali Earth
|
discovered: 1808
|
|
States: |
|
state (s, l, g): s
|
|
melting point: 998.2 K
|
boiling point: 2123 K
|
|
Heat of fusion: 7.750 kJ/mol
|
Heat of vaporization: 142.0 kJ/mol
|
|
Energies: |
|
1st ionization energy: 502.9 kJ/mole
|
|
electronegativity: 0.89
|
2nd ionization energy: 965.2 kJ/mole
|
|
electron affinity: kJ/mole
|
3rd ionization energy: kJ/mole
|
|
Specific heat: 0.204 J/gK
|
heat atomization: 180 kJ/mole atoms
|
|
Oxidation & Electrons: |
|
Shells: 2,8,18,18,8,2
|
electron configuration: [Xe] 6s2
|
|
minimum oxidation number: 0
|
maximum oxidation number: 2
|
|
min. common oxidation no.: 0
|
max. common oxidation no.: 2
|
|
Appearance & Characteristics: |
|
structure: bcc: body-centered cubic
|
color: silvery-white
|
|
uses: X-ray imaging agnt(BaSO4)
|
toxicity:
|
|
hardness: mohs
|
characteristics: soft
|
|
Reactions: |
|
reaction with air: vigorous,wt/ht=>BaO,Ba2N3
|
|
reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, BaCl2
|
reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, BaCl2
|
|
reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>Ba(NO3)2
|
reaction with 6M NaOH: passivated
|
|
Other Forms: |
|
number of isotopes: 7
|
hydride(s): BaH2
|
|
oxide(s): BaO
|
chloride(s): BaCl2
|
|
Radius: |
|
ionic radius (2- ion): pm
|
ionic radius (1- ion): pm
|
|
atomic radius: 222 pm
|
ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
|
|
ionic radius (2+ ion): 149 pm
|
ionic radius (3+ ion): pm
|
|
Conductivity: |
|
thermal conductivity: 18.4 J/m-sec-deg
|
|
electrical conductivity: 1/mohm-cm
|
polarizability: 39.7 A^3
|
|
Abundance: |
|
source: Barite (sulfate)
|
|
rel. abund. solar system: 0.652 log
|
abundance earth's crust: 2.6 log
|
|
cost, pure: 55 $/100g
|
cost, bulk: $/100g
|
|
