General: |
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Name: Lithium
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Symbol: Li
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Group: Alkali Met.
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Atomic weight: 6.94
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Density @ 293 K: 0.53 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 13.10 cm3/mol
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Group: Alkali Met.
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discovered: 1817
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 453.74 K
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boiling point: 1620 K
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Heat of fusion: 3.00 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 145.920 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 520.2 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 0.98
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2nd ionization energy: 7394.4 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: 59.63 kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 11814.6 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 3.6 J/gK
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heat atomization: 161 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,1
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electron configuration: [He] 2s1
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minimum oxidation number: -1
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maximum oxidation number: 1
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 1
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: bcc: body-centered cubic
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color: silvery
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uses: batteries, lubricant
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toxicity:
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hardness: 0.6 mohs
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characteristics: soft, lightest solid
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: vigorous, =>Li2O
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reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, LiCl
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reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, LiCl
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reaction with 15M HNO3: vigorous, =>LiNO3
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reaction with 6M NaOH: mild, =>H2, LiOH
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 2
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hydride(s): LiH
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oxide(s): Li2O
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chloride(s): LiCl
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 152 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): 90 pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 84.8 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 107.8 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 24.3 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: Spodumene (silicate)
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rel. abund. solar system: 1.757 log
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abundance earth's crust: 1.3 log
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cost, pure: 27 $/100g
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cost, bulk: $/100g
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