General: |
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Name: Erbium
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Symbol: Er
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Group: Rare Earth, Lanthanides
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Atomic weight: 167.26
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Density @ 293 K: 9.05 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 18.4 cm3/mol
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Group: Rare Earth, Lanthanides
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discovered: 1843
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 1795.2 K
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boiling point: 3173 K
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Heat of fusion: 19.90 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 261.0 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 588.7 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 1.24
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2nd ionization energy: 1151 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: 50 kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 2194 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 0.17 J/gK
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heat atomization: 317 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,8,18,30,8,2
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electron configuration: [Xe] 4f12 6s2
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minimum oxidation number: 0
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maximum oxidation number: 3
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 3
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: hcp: hexagonal close pkd
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color: silvery-white
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uses: alloys, photogr. filter
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toxicity:
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hardness: mohs
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characteristics:
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: vigorous, =>Er2O3
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, ErCl3
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, ErCl3
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reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>Er(NO3)3
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reaction with 6M NaOH:
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 6
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hydride(s): ErH2 ErH3
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oxide(s): Er2O3
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chloride(s): ErCl3
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 176 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): 103 pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 14.5 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 14.1 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 22.7 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite
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rel. abund. solar system: -0.601 log
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abundance earth's crust: 0.4 log
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cost, pure: 270 $/100g
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cost, bulk: $/100g
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