General: |
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Name: Cadmium
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Symbol: Cd
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Group: Trans. Met.
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Atomic weight: 112.41
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Density @ 293 K: 8.65 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 13.1 cm3/mol
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Group: Trans. Met.
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discovered: 1817
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 594.1 K
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boiling point: 1038 K
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Heat of fusion: 6.192 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 99.570 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 867.7 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 1.69
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2nd ionization energy: 1631.4 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 3616.2 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 0.23 J/gK
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heat atomization: 112 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,8,18,18,2
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electron configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2
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minimum oxidation number: 0
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maximum oxidation number: 2
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 2
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: distorted hcp structure
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color: bluish-white
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uses: battery,yel. pigment(CdS)
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toxicity:
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hardness: 2 mohs
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characteristics: soft
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: mild, w/ht =>CdO
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, Cd(Cl)2
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2, Cd(Cl)2
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reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>Cd(NO3)2, NOx
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reaction with 6M NaOH: none
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 8
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hydride(s):
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oxide(s): CdO
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chloride(s): CdCl2
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 151 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): 109 pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 96.9 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 146.413 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 7.2 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: Sphalerite (sulfide)
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rel. abund. solar system: 0.207 log
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abundance earth's crust: -0.7 log
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cost, pure: 6 $/100g
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cost, bulk: $/100g
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