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Barium

56
Ba
137.33
Barium
 General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons | Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions | Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance

General:

Name: Barium Symbol: Ba
Group: Alkali Earth Atomic weight: 137.33
Density @ 293 K: 3.51 g/cm3 Atomic volume: 39.24 cm3/mol
Group: Alkali Earth discovered: 1808

States:

state (s, l, g): s
melting point: 998.2 K boiling point: 2123 K
Heat of fusion: 7.750 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization: 142.0 kJ/mol

Energies:

1st ionization energy: 502.9 kJ/mole
electronegativity: 0.89 2nd ionization energy: 965.2 kJ/mole
electron affinity: kJ/mole 3rd ionization energy: kJ/mole
Specific heat: 0.204 J/gK heat atomization: 180 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons:

Shells: 2,8,18,18,8,2 electron configuration: [Xe] 6s2
minimum oxidation number: 0 maximum oxidation number: 2
min. common oxidation no.: 0 max. common oxidation no.: 2

Appearance & Characteristics:

structure: bcc: body-centered cubic color: silvery-white
uses: X-ray imaging agnt(BaSO4) toxicity:
hardness: mohs characteristics: soft

Reactions:

reaction with air: vigorous,wt/ht=>BaO,Ba2N3
reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, BaCl2 reaction with 6M HCl: vigorous, =>H2, BaCl2
reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>Ba(NO3)2 reaction with 6M NaOH: passivated

Other Forms:

number of isotopes: 7 hydride(s): BaH2
oxide(s): BaO chloride(s): BaCl2

Radius:

ionic radius (2- ion): pm ionic radius (1- ion): pm
atomic radius: 222 pm ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
ionic radius (2+ ion): 149 pm ionic radius (3+ ion): pm

Conductivity:

thermal conductivity: 18.4 J/m-sec-deg
electrical conductivity: 1/mohm-cm polarizability: 39.7 A^3

Abundance:

source: Barite (sulfate)
rel. abund. solar system: 0.652 log abundance earth's crust: 2.6 log
cost, pure: 55 $/100g cost, bulk: $/100g