General: |
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Name: Beryllium
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Symbol: Be
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Group: Alkali Earth
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Atomic weight: 9.01218
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Density @ 293 K: 1.848 g/cm3
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Atomic volume: 5.0 cm3/mol
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Group: Alkali Earth
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discovered: 1797
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States: |
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state (s, l, g): s
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melting point: 1551.2 K
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boiling point: 2773 K
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Heat of fusion: 12.20 kJ/mol
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Heat of vaporization: 292.40 kJ/mol
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Energies: |
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1st ionization energy: 899.4 kJ/mole
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electronegativity: 1.57
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2nd ionization energy: 1757.1 kJ/mole
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electron affinity: kJ/mole
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3rd ionization energy: 14848.3 kJ/mole
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Specific heat: 1.82 J/gK
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heat atomization: 324 kJ/mole atoms
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Oxidation & Electrons: |
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Shells: 2,2
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electron configuration: [He] 2s2
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minimum oxidation number: 0
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maximum oxidation number: 2
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min. common oxidation no.: 0
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max. common oxidation no.: 2
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Appearance & Characteristics: |
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structure: hcp: hexagonal close pkd
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color: steel gray
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uses: Cu alloys, X-ray windows
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toxicity: yes
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hardness: mohs
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characteristics: toxic
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Reactions: |
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reaction with air: vigorous, w/ht=>BeO,Be3N2
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2
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reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>H2
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reaction with 15M HNO3: none
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reaction with 6M NaOH: mild, =>H2, [Be(OH)4](2-)
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Other Forms: |
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number of isotopes: 1
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hydride(s): BeH2
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oxide(s): BeO
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chloride(s): BeCl2
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Radius: |
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ionic radius (2- ion): pm
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ionic radius (1- ion): pm
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atomic radius: 112 pm
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ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
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ionic radius (2+ ion): 59 pm
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ionic radius (3+ ion): pm
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Conductivity: |
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thermal conductivity: 201 J/m-sec-deg
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electrical conductivity: 250 1/mohm-cm
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polarizability: 5.6 A^3
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Abundance: |
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source: Beryl (silicate)
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rel. abund. solar system: -0.137 log
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abundance earth's crust: 0.4 log
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cost, pure: 530 $/100g
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cost, bulk: 59 $/100g
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